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Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is a surgical technique that involves cooling the body of the patient and stopping blood circulation. It is used in cardiac surgery to allow operation on the aortic arch and in neurosurgery to repair some brain aneurysms. The procedure requires keeping the patient in a state of hibernation at 12–18 °C with no breathing, heartbeat, or brain activity for up to one hour. Blood is drained from the body to eliminate blood pressure. The patient is considered clinically dead during the operation. The benefits of hypothermic circulatory arrest are derived from the effects of lowering the rate of cellular metabolisms. The lowered metabolism can lower mitochondrial damage and apoptosis.〔Nolan, J., Morley, P., & Vanden Hoek, T. (2003). Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest: An advisory statement by the advanced support task force of the international liaison committee on resuscitation. Circulation, (108), 118-121. doi: doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000079019.02601.90〕 ==Duration== "Most patients tolerate 30 min of DHCA without significant neurological dysfunction, but when this is extended to longer than 40 min, there is a marked increase in the incidence of brain injury. Above 60 min, the majority of patients will suffer irreversible brain injury, although there are still a small number of patients who can tolerate this. Longer periods of DHCA are tolerated in neonates and infants compared with adults."〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「deep hypothermic circulatory arrest」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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